Endianness

• Little-Endian
  • Used by x86/x86-64
  • Least significant byte is stored at the lower address

Value 0x12345678, stored at 0x1000
0x1000: 0x78
0x1001: 0x56
0x1002: 0x34
0x1003: 0x12

• Big-Endian
  • Used by some network protocols & various architectures
  • Reverse of the above (Most significant at lowest address)
  • htonl() - Host TO Network Long (convert to big-endian)
  • ntohl() - Network TO Host Long (convert to little-endian on x86)